2021梅雨季水庫儲水量變化一覽 - 颱風討論
By Damian
at 2021-07-01T16:27
at 2021-07-01T16:27
Table of Contents
連結是今年梅雨季的降雨、蓄水量一覽表
第二頁籤有台灣各區用水量與水庫蓄水的比較
https://tinyurl.com/6tv3zua4
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以下是今年梅雨季和降雨、水庫相關的大事記
5月30-31號 第一波梅雨鋒面
北部水庫集水區平均降下100~150mm,中部180~250mm,南部120~200mm
因久旱無雨部分降雨被土壤吸收,最初幾日大庫容水庫水位上升較慢
5/31 石門水量一日上升718萬噸,蓄水量突破10%
霧社水量一日上升542萬噸,蓄水量突破20%
日月潭水量一日上升728萬噸,蓄水量突破25%
6/1 寶山、寶二蓄水量雙雙回到10%
霧社水量一日上升471萬噸,蓄水量突破30%
6/2 鯉魚潭靠士林攔河堰越域引水,大安溪上游水量充足時最大進水量35CMS
約等於300萬噸/日(~3%/日),本日蓄水量突破10%(10.17%)
6月4-6號 第二波梅雨鋒面+彩雲颱風
原先預計的第二道梅雨鋒面高空環境受到比預報堅強的彩雲颱風降雨不如預期
但反而引東北風南下讓北部6月4號下了一波驟雨,後續彩雲引入南海西南季風
也給南部帶來充沛雨量,南北夾擊的空區桃竹苗則降雨較少(德基:QQ)
總計北部水庫集水區平均降下150~200mm,中部80~150mm,南部200~350mm
靠兩波梅雨鋒面挹注,苗栗台中北彰化解除水情紅燈,停止供五停二分區限水
6/4 翡翠集水區單日降雨158.40mm,隔日進水3726萬噸,蓄水量突破80%
湖山集水區單日降雨251mm,但集水區小靠集集、桶頭攔河堰越域引水蓄水較慢
6/5 烏山頭集水區單日降雨276.4mm,單日進水894萬噸隔日蓄水45%>57%
6/6 霧社水量一日上升347萬噸,蓄水量突破50%
白河水庫暫停清淤工程關起水門開始蓄水
曾文三日降雨總計276.6mm,三日進水4052萬噸蓄水終於突破10%(12.64%)
庫容較小的南化三日降雨305.7mm,三日進水2283萬噸,蓄水已到41.29%
6月7-18號 無梅雨鋒面,各水庫靠午後雷陣雨及前一波降雨慢慢逕流入庫補水
6/8 日月潭水庫蓄水量超過50%
湖山水庫蓄水量超過50%
高雄水情改善,阿公店水庫停止蓄水回到平常夏天防汛功能
6/9 鯉魚潭水庫蓄水量站上25%
南化水庫蓄水量站上50%
6/10 仁義潭水庫蓄水量站上50%
6/12 寶二水庫蓄水量站上50%
6/13 霧社水庫開始放水發電,下游水可經武界引水隧道引入日月潭
6/14 永和山水庫靠著小吸管田美攔河堰(6.5CMS~56萬噸/日)越域引水終於超過25%
曾文水庫蓄水量超過一億噸
6/15 石門水庫蓄水量終於超過50%
日月潭水庫蓄水量超過75%
湖山水庫蓄水量超過75%
蘭潭水庫蓄水量超過50%
南化水庫蓄水量超過75%
6/16 寶山水庫蓄水量站上50%
日月潭水庫蓄水量超過一億噸
6/17 仁義潭水庫蓄水量站上75%
6月19-21 西南季風發威,22-23 第三波梅雨鋒面
第三波梅雨鋒面結構不若模式預報結實,但早兩天來的西南季風卻為南部帶來劇烈降雨
湖山、南化水庫先後滿庫,很大部分解救了南部水情,甚至讓南部灌溉第二期稻作進入
討論。比較遺憾的是德基沒吃到梅雨降雨,海拔太高西南風也無力上攻,降雨僅約30mm
總計北部水庫集水區平均降下50~100mm,中部(除德基)100~150mm,南部180~400mm
6/19 寶二水庫蓄水量站上75%
6/20 德基水庫蓄水量站上25%
曾文水庫單日雨量76.2mm,隔天水庫進流2375萬噸,蓄水量超過25%
南化水庫滿庫自然溢流
6/21 發電發很爽的霧社水庫再次開始蓄水,三日內蓄水量19%>29%
曾文水庫再度灌水單日雨量67.40mm,隔天水庫進流2287萬噸
6/22 南化水庫啟用排沙清淤隧道
6/23 湖山水庫滿庫自然溢流
蘭潭水庫蓄水量超過75%
白河水庫集水區四天降下265.2mm,蓄水直接摜破一千萬噸(26>28>40>50>88%)
6月24-27 對流雨 6月28-29 西南風再增強
西風噴流北跳出梅前再來降雨一波,北部幾乎無感但南部集水區降雨達100-300mm
意外的是中部集水區也受惠,鯉魚潭集水區降雨150mm,德基也有快50mm
6/24 鯉魚潭水庫蓄水量終於站上50%
烏山頭水庫蓄水量站上75%
曾文水庫蓄水量超過兩億噸
梅雨季開始後一直沒有進帳,蓄水在30%浮沉的牡丹水庫開始喝水,蓄水超過50%
6/28 霧社水庫蓄水量再度站上50%
牡丹水庫蓄水量超過75%
6/29 曾文水庫蓄水量超過一億五千萬噸
6/30 曾文水庫蓄水量站上50%
7/1 新竹水情好轉,石門支援新竹用水由每日12萬減至8萬噸
今年為期一個月的梅雨季真可說是為缺水的台灣帶來及時雨,本島水情除台中彰北橙燈、
苗栗黃燈、桃園林口綠燈外,皆已回復藍燈正常水情,增加的儲水量可供應民生工業用水
日數(見上面連結第二頁籤):
翡翠80天(實際上南勢溪流量充足時翡翠不須供水)、石門121.7天、寶山+寶二134.1天
永和山118.1天、鯉魚潭145天、德基77.8天(還有德基下游諸多水壩與石岡壩供水)、湖山
173.1天、蘭潭+仁義潭169.9天、曾文+烏山頭655.7天、南化185天、牡丹162.8天
再來考驗政府的就是各地二期稻作要如何灌溉了,今天的新聞農委會打算全面供灌
應該是看好下半年雨量挹注,畢竟去年的颱風雨是幾十年一見的少
桃園石門灌區估計需水1.25億噸,將以埤塘、河川水源為主,不足水量才由石門供給
苗栗中港溪流域、台中大安溪流域、台中大甲溪流域也供灌,暫時找不到估計用水資料
嘉義台南(曾文、烏山頭)二期稻作共需水3.13億噸
另北北基、雲彰投、高屏、宜花東稻作全部使用河川水灌溉,不會影響水庫
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最後附上今年5月30日至6月30日各地水庫蓄水量變化(萬噸)
2020/6/30水量(差)
翡翠 20224.08>28400.88 (+8176.80) 60.28%>84.65% 22579.89 (+5820.99)
石門 1666.85>14446.21 (+12779.36) 8.22%>71.28% 12469.33 (+1976.88)
寶山 35.40> 444.89 (+409.49) 7.03%>88.36% 459.08 (+ 14.19)
寶二 107.22> 3052.52 (+2945.30) 3.41%>96.99% 3032.40 (+ 20.12)
永和山 71.70> 1427.09 (+1355.39) 2.39%>47.59% 2039.87 (- 612.78)
鯉魚潭 162.84> 7512.62 (+7349.78) 1.42%>65.64% 9742.27 (-2229.65)
德基 237.16> 6311.13 (+6073.97) 1.27%>33.85% 10246.88 (-3935.75)
霧社 228.13> 2668.34 (+2440.21) 6.08%>71.10% 3259.95 (- 591.61)
日月潭 2634.03>12483.41 (+9849.38) 20.57%>97.48% 12621.38 (- 137.97)
湖山 1511.44> 5079.42 (+3567.98) 29.71%>99.86% 4491.08 (+ 588.34)
蘭潭 343.82> 870.35 (+526.53) 37.24%>94.27% 656.30 (+ 214.05)
仁義潭 420.81> 2461.10 (+2040.29) 16.65%>97.37% 1759.69 (+ 701.41)
白河 0.00> 1078.00 (+1078.00) 0.00%>91.87% 103.00 (+ 975.00)
烏山頭 3511.00> 6293.00 (+2782.00) 44.68%>80.09% 6383.00 (- 90.00)
曾文 1926.00>26962.00 (+25036.00) 3.78%>52.91% 16472.66 (+10490.00)
南化 717.49> 9189.75 (+8472.26) 7.89%>101.01% 8040.09 (+1149.66)
牡丹 821.00> 2132.00 (+1311.00) 30.97%>80.41% 1506.64 (+ 625.36)
可以看到和去年同期相比,北部水情較佳,中部較差(差6-7千萬噸左右),一個位置剛好
的颱風就可補上,南部也較去年為好,個人是對下半年的水情展望相對審慎樂觀
感謝過去一個月版上各位先進提供資訊,也希望大家節約用水,下半年水情無虞
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