英文報紙(國際經濟方面)一些翻譯(20點) - 社會議題
By Kama
at 2011-05-26T00:00
at 2011-05-26T00:00
Table of Contents
首先，下面內容不用全部翻(我沒那麼殘忍)
有些句子長，是因為要有背景才看得懂文章，不是全部都要翻。
底線+粗體字是我看不懂的部分，所以只要翻譯那部分就好了! 如果有
附解釋+圖表是最好的，因為我對經濟方面的東西不太了解!
下列句子都是來自於同一篇文章，標題是: Japan confirms its economy surpassed by China in 2010
*不要用Google翻譯直接複製貼上，那種是..劣質翻譯。所以請英文有到一定程度的翻譯高手才進來。
感恩!!!
1. Japan confirmed Monday that China's economy surpassed its own as the world's second largest in 2010 and said a late-year downturn was its first quarterly contraction in more than a year.
*late-year是指近年，特別是指某一個近年，對ㄅ?
2. Japan's economy expanded 3.9 percent in the calendar year - its first annual growth in three years.
*在三年內的首次年度成長 ermm...這是指三年之中的最後那一年?還有，第一句和第二句怎麼有點連不上，前句說日本的economic downturn，下一句馬上就提到日本economy expand，直覺很矛盾。我在想，它後句提到的economy expand是不是跟calendar year有關，可以解釋一下?
3. Japan's nominal gross domestic product (GDP) last year came to US$5.47 trillion, less than China's total of US$5.87 trillion, the Cabinet Office said.
*nominal就簡單翻成"名義上的"?如果翻成"名義上的"，那中文就是"名義上的國內生產總值"，中文我也讀不懂是什麼意思@@，解釋?
4. China was acknowledged last year as having surpassed Japan as the world's No. 2 economy after the U.S. - a title it had held since 1968. But full-year Japanese data confirming it was not available until Monday.
*看不懂是什麼東西available，在這邊available是指"有效的"還是"可得到的"? full-year是一整年嗎?
5. In the 1980s, it was Japan's economic ascension that provoked both admiration and fear, as China's does now.
*這邊does怎麼翻?
6. The rise of its Asian neighbor has been critical for Japan's economic engine since then as it struggles with persistent deflation, an aging population and ballooning public debt.
*在這邊的critical是指 "批評的, 批判的, 評論性的" 還是 "緊要的, 關鍵性的, 危急的"?
7. China remains far poorer with GDP per person about a fifth of that in Japan when purchasing power differences in each country are taken into account.
*總之，每個字都懂，就是不懂整句意思..
8. Japan's economy minister Kaoru Yosano described China's expansionas important for Asia and said he hopes for deeper economic ties between the two countries.
*as 在這是什麼意思?
有些句子長，是因為要有背景才看得懂文章，不是全部都要翻。
底線+粗體字是我看不懂的部分，所以只要翻譯那部分就好了! 如果有
附解釋+圖表是最好的，因為我對經濟方面的東西不太了解!
下列句子都是來自於同一篇文章，標題是: Japan confirms its economy surpassed by China in 2010
*不要用Google翻譯直接複製貼上，那種是..劣質翻譯。所以請英文有到一定程度的翻譯高手才進來。
感恩!!!
1. Japan confirmed Monday that China's economy surpassed its own as the world's second largest in 2010 and said a late-year downturn was its first quarterly contraction in more than a year.
*late-year是指近年，特別是指某一個近年，對ㄅ?
2. Japan's economy expanded 3.9 percent in the calendar year - its first annual growth in three years.
*在三年內的首次年度成長 ermm...這是指三年之中的最後那一年?還有，第一句和第二句怎麼有點連不上，前句說日本的economic downturn，下一句馬上就提到日本economy expand，直覺很矛盾。我在想，它後句提到的economy expand是不是跟calendar year有關，可以解釋一下?
3. Japan's nominal gross domestic product (GDP) last year came to US$5.47 trillion, less than China's total of US$5.87 trillion, the Cabinet Office said.
*nominal就簡單翻成"名義上的"?如果翻成"名義上的"，那中文就是"名義上的國內生產總值"，中文我也讀不懂是什麼意思@@，解釋?
4. China was acknowledged last year as having surpassed Japan as the world's No. 2 economy after the U.S. - a title it had held since 1968. But full-year Japanese data confirming it was not available until Monday.
*看不懂是什麼東西available，在這邊available是指"有效的"還是"可得到的"? full-year是一整年嗎?
5. In the 1980s, it was Japan's economic ascension that provoked both admiration and fear, as China's does now.
*這邊does怎麼翻?
6. The rise of its Asian neighbor has been critical for Japan's economic engine since then as it struggles with persistent deflation, an aging population and ballooning public debt.
*在這邊的critical是指 "批評的, 批判的, 評論性的" 還是 "緊要的, 關鍵性的, 危急的"?
7. China remains far poorer with GDP per person about a fifth of that in Japan when purchasing power differences in each country are taken into account.
*總之，每個字都懂，就是不懂整句意思..
8. Japan's economy minister Kaoru Yosano described China's expansionas important for Asia and said he hopes for deeper economic ties between the two countries.
*as 在這是什麼意思?
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社會議題
All Comments
By Irma
at 2011-05-26T23:55
at 2011-05-26T23:55
late-year 是指「年尾」。 這裡是說 2010 年末的經濟下降是一年多來首度單季成長萎縮。
2. [*是指三年之中的最後那一年? 可以解釋一下?]
in the calendar year 是沿著前段而來， 前段講的是 2010 年， 所以這裡還是指 2010 年度， 一月到十二月。 雖然年尾開始下降， 但整年來說， 還是成長， 並且是 2008 到 2010 這三年中， 首度有年成長。
3. [Japan's nominal gross domestic product (GDP) ... *nominal 解釋?]
nominal gross domestic product (GDP)是「名目國內生產毛額」。 所謂「名目」是指還沒有扣除「通貨膨脹」的因素。 從數字上看， 日本去年 GDP 增加了 5.47兆美元， 要是把通貨膨脹算進去， 真正人民享受到的成長會低一些， 稱為「實質國內生產毛額」 real GDP。
4. [China was acknowledged last year as having surpassed Japan as the world's No. 2 economy after the U.S. - a title it had held since 1968. But full-year Japanese data confirming it was not available until Monday.
*看不懂是什麼東西available? full-year是一整年嗎?]
available 是「可取得的」。 was not available until Monday 是說「直到本週一才可取得」。 也就是說 日本星期一公布資料後， 才有完整的整年日本資料來確認中國超越日本， 成為第二大經濟體。
full-year 是形容詞： 「整年的」。
5. [In the 1980s, it was Japan's economic ascension that provoked both admiration and fear, as China's does now.
*這邊does怎麼翻?]
does 是取代前面的動詞部分， 指的是 provokes both admiration and fear。 這裡是說一九八零年代， 日本經濟上升激發讚佩和恐懼， 就如同現在中國成長所激發的一樣。
6. [The rise of its Asian neighbor has been critical for Japan's economic engine since then as it struggles with persistent deflation, an aging population and ballooning public debt.
*critical是指?]
critical 在這裡的意思是「很要緊的」、 「至關重要的」。 整句是說日本自從衰退以來， 通貨緊縮一直不能解決，還有人口老化， 政府債務膨脹的問題， 對日本的經濟引擎來說， （中國）這個亞洲鄰國的興起是至關重要的。
7. [China remains far poorer with GDP per person about a fifth of that in Japan when purchasing power differences in each country are taken into account.
*不懂整句意思..]
當算上兩國的購買力差異時， 中國還是比日本窮很多， 「人均國內生產毛額」只有日本的五分之一。
這是說雖然中國生產毛額大過日本， 但人口更多。 平均下來， 中國還是比較窮。
8. [Japan's economy minister Kaoru Yosano described China's expansionas important for Asia and said he hopes for deeper economic ties between the two countries.
*as 是什麼意思?]
describe ....... as ..... 是「稱 .... 為....」, 或 「將 ......稱做是...」的意思。 這裡是說日本經濟大臣与謝野馨 稱中國的經濟擴張對亞洲是重要的。
By Liam
at 2011-05-26T20:24
at 2011-05-26T20:24
這則新聞是今年年初（2.14)發佈的，有些字眼跟新聞出來的時間點相關。
1. 乍看之下我也霧煞煞，所以這題我們可以請其他高手來幫忙confirm。
但我讀出late-year的意思是“2010這一年的後半期（下半年）“，最有可能就是從Q3七至九月，或Q4十到十二月。為甚麼？因為後面接著 was its first quarterly contraction。這個late-year downturn是過去一年多以來，首度根據季度統計顯示出經濟緊縮現象。
2. downturn是從季度的眼光，但從年度的眼光來看（calendar year 一般日曆年度1.1-12.31)，日本於2010年經濟成長3.9%，是過去三年以來首次正面成長。
3. nominal GDP 是經濟學名詞，請參照這裡的解釋。http://wiki.mbalib.com/zh-tw/%E5%90%8D%E4%B9%89GDP
相對地還有 real GDP ( http://wiki.mbalib.com/zh-tw/Real_GDP )。兩者最大的差別在於通貨膨脹所導致的價格變動因素。要去查教科書才解釋得清楚。
4. 這句意思是 ---> 但是證實這項結論(confirming it)的全年日本經濟數據(full-year JP data)，直到星期一（也就是新聞發佈日2.14)才公佈（available)。
5. as China does now. ---> 現在換成中國讓各國稱羨又擔憂。（這句暫保留，一定有人可以翻得更好）
6. critical for 是緊要的，關鍵性的。若意思是批評的 挑剔的，是用 critical of
7. 8. 晚一點再寫，沒時間了。
2011-05-26 03:52:23 補充：
7. 這樣切割句子 你就容易看懂了。
China remains far poorer
with GDP per person （平均每人GDP，也稱為人均GDP）
about a fifth of that in Japan （是日本人均GDP的五分之一）
when purchasing power differences in each country （當每個國家個人消費力）
are taken into account. （列入考慮中）
這裡有個例子形容得很生動 ：“你可以想像成，只有一包米，10個人吃與50個人吃的分別。 前者可能每人分到一碗飯，而後者可能每人分到一碗粥。”
2011-05-26 04:04:30 補充：
8. as important 在此的意思是 “同樣的重要”。作者應該是省略沒講出括號裡的意思 "as important for Asia (as Japan's strong economy has been)
你看新聞接下來就這麼寫著 “"As an economy, we are not competing for rankings but working to improve citizens' lives,"。把亞洲當成一整個經濟體時，不要把各國之間經濟實力的排名消長，當成國與國之間的競爭。而是一同戮力提升人民生活水準。
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